Biochar Production, Modification, and Its Uses in Soil Remediation: A Review

Soil remediation is the act of removing or reducing availability contaminants from soil. In case agriculture, soil targets removal pollutants, including residual pesticides/herbicides, hydrocarbons, and toxic heavy metals. This often done by chemical treatments with multiple washes excavation soils, which are costly time-consuming. Therefore, finding cheaper, less time-consuming methods highly desirable. this review, we will examine addition biochar as an effective method remediation. Biochar a carbon-rich material derived burning biomass in oxygen-limited environment benefits such high cation exchange capacity, large surface area, neutral to alkaline pH, some nutritional content. can also be sanctuary for naturally occurring microbes inoculated specific contaminant breakdown. The physical characteristics combined biological activity help bind promote degradation process these without need use hazardous chemicals remove amount Biochar, they house, through electrostatic attraction, sorption, precipitation, bioaccumulation, their surrounding environment. However, its vary depending on feedstock, pyrolysis temperature, time mass heated. traits modified pre post-treatments suit intended use, allowing made contaminants. review hopes increase interest research fill missing gaps information that could make production cheaper more consistent, it offers greener way clean up